Projection of straight lines in engineering graphics pdf 5th

Orthographic projection principlesprincipal planesfirst angle projectionprojection of points. Home mechanical engineering college of science and. Complete the plane based on the points obtained draw lines perpendicular to line ab from point e in both fv and tv. The projections of a straight line are obtained by joining the top and front views of. For most engineering drawings two thicknesses of lines are mainly required, a thick and thin one. Support me pursue my passion of creating great quality videos on engineering. A straight line is the shortest distance between two points. A good freehand line shows freedom and variety, whereas a line drawn using cad or instruments should be exact. Ge8152 engineering graphics syllabus notes question banks.

Its center is 3 cm above the hp and 2 cm in front of the vp. Ge8152 engineering graphics syllabus regulation 2017 unit i plane curves and freehand sketching basic geometrical constructions, curves used in engineering practices. To provide manufacturers with working engineering drawings based from our original designs sketches. The core graphics sys tem was designed to provide a set of viewing functions that can generate all planar geo metric projections. Engineering graphics is the language of communication for probability distribution list pdf all engineers. Engineering graphics 185101ge2111 engineering graphics concept of drawing slideshow view the concept here submitted by mukesh kumar dimentioning projection of points section of solids projection of solids projection of straight lines orthographic projections 4.

The figure or view formed by joining, in correct sequence, the points at which these lines meet the plane is called the projection of the object. Engineering graphics essentials 4th edition sdc publications. Projection of lines in engineering graphics kprblog. Engineering graphics is the language of communication for all engineers. Technical drawing is concerned mainly with using lines, circles, arcs etc. Module 2 concept of orthographic projection firstangle projection, projections of points, projections of straight lines, projections of. Engineering graphics projection of points and lines. Let us first assume that the plane is perpendicular to hp and parallel to vp. Download free sample here for solution manual for engineering graphics 8th edition by frederick e. Engineering graphics projection of straight lines youtube. This is a clear, comprehensive, fullcolor introduction and reference for students and professionals who are creating engineering drawings and graphics with cad software or by hand. Assume the line to be located in each of the four quadrants by turns. Msbte syllabus 2019 for diploma in mechanical cse eee ece. On engineering drawing, we have come a long way from the days of leonardo da vinci, the italian polymath who had compiled drawings on a large variety of inventions.

Donate, so that i can upgrade equipment, upload frequently and also pursue a fulltime career on youtube. Do not use the scales as a straight edge for drawing straight lines. Epub engineering drawing 1st year projection of solids. An engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing that is used to convey information about an object.

Draw the projections such that the entire line is in the first quadrant. Hence, in monges projection, a straight line is represented by a pair of projections p,p. Projection of straight lines only first angle projections inclined to both the principal planes determination of true lengths and true inclinations by rotating line method and traces projection of planes polygonal and circular surfaces. A 3d projection or graphical projection maps points in threedimensions onto a twodimensional plane. Exercise in construction of straight lines, circles, tangents and regular polygons. Engineering graphics projection of straight lines bsauniv. The general recommendations are that thick lines to be twice as thick as the thin lines. Chapter 4 solutions engineering graphics essentials. Projection of lines free download as powerpoint presentation.

Students who are going to appear for diploma in mechanical cs ee ececivil and other examinations in any institute affiliated with maharashtra state board of technical education must check msbte syllabus 2019 and start preparation accordingly. Multi choice questions darshan institute of engineering. Engineering graphics projection of points, projection of lines slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Aug 06, 2019 three of these common types of map projections are cylindrical, conic, and azimuthal. Projection of lines a straight line is the shortest distance between two points. Engineering graphics projections of a straight line. May 03, 2020 engineering graphics complete notes, 1st semester edurev notes is made by best teachers of.

It provides excellent technical selection from modern graphics communication, fifth edition book. A concise introduction to engineering graphics fourth edition including worksheet series a timothy j. Books, images, historic newspapers, maps, archives and more. A straight line may have different orientations in space well be. Thus projection of a straight line is the foundation of engineering drawing. There are many types of projections that are beyond the scope of this paper. This placement of views is called thirdangle projection.

Projection of points and straight lines located in the first quadrant determination of true lengths and true inclinations. As graphics are usually displayed on twodimensional media such as paper and computer monitors, these projections are widely used, especially in engineering drawing, drafting, and computer graphics projections may be calculated mathematically or by various geometrical or optical techniques. At latest count, the department has 43 active faculty, 56 staff members, 311 graduate students, 50 postdoctoral associates, research associates and visitors. Engineering drawing lettering and lines presentation free download as powerpoint presentation. Tips for projection of straight linesiiinclined to both planes. The earlier edition of this textbook is thoroughly revised, extensively enlarged, completely updated. In an isometric projection, all angles between the axonometric axes are equal. Apr 25, 2017 the robinson projection was created to show the globe as a flat image readily. Dimensions are always drawn using continuous thin lines. Visit my youtube channelin the search bar write manas patnaikand there you will find tons of stuff covering almost every aspect in engineering drawing. Generally, an ebook can be downloaded in five minutes or less. Engineering graphicslines slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. An engineering drawing is a technical not artistic drawing which. Engineering drawing fce 142 group members gichuru wainaina richard wageche merkle awuor joseph ngugi william wambulwa chris gichuki thomas mabelle samuel nyakundi sheldon muganda alex ndeke joseph mureithi samuel ngigi abdi adan geoffery mulosi standard engineering lettering and lines elements of engineering drawing engineering drawing are.

Sample midterm problems engineering graphics in design. Projection of lines in engineering drawing pdf projection of lines in engineering drawing in the first angle projection, the front view is drawn above the reference line an useful slideshow for all 1st year engineering students, who are afraid of the subject. Engineering graphics 1st yr projection of points and lines. Isometric view orthographic projection engineering drawing. Lines are straight elements that have no width, but are infinite in length magnitude, and they can be located by two points which are not on the same spot but fall along the line. Technical graphics technical sketching orthographic projection pictorial drawings sections and conventions dimensions and tolerances. Computer graphics lecture notes dynamic graphics project.

It has been one of the most comprehensive revisions since the book was first published. Hence, engineering drawing is called the universal language of engineers. Ge8152 engineering graphics previous year question papers. Mathematical elements for computer graphics 2nd edition. A common use is to specify the geometry necessary for the construction of a component and is called a detail drawing. Civil engineering drawing university of asia pacific.

Engineering graphics tutorials online engineering free. Contents ch1 drafting equipment ch2 sheet sizes scales lines and lettering ch3 scales ch4 loci of points ch5 engineering curves ch6 projections planes of projections and systems of projections ch7 orthogrpahic projections of points ch8 projections of straight lines ch9 projections of planes ch10 projections of pint line and plane on auxiliary planes. Draw a line 45 o inclined to xy from point a and cut tl 75 mm on it and name that point b 1 draw locus from point b 1 step 3. Solution manual for engineering graphics 8th edition by. Classification of engineering curves, construction of conics, cycloid curves, involutes and spirals. Detection method of manufacturing defects on aircraft surface.

Csc418 cscd18 csc2504 introduction to graphics scan conversion of a circle 1. A straight line ab of 40 mm length has one of its ends a, at 10 mm from the hp and 15 mm from the vp. The chief difference between a drawing and a freehand sketch lies in the character or technique of the lines. A set square or triangle is a tool used to draw straight vertical lines at a particular planar angle to a baseline. Description solution manual for engineering graphics 8th edition by frederick e. Introduction to engineering drawing principles of engineering drawinggraphics. To draw the projections of a straight line located at different positions with respect to the vp and the hp. Sep 18, 2019 msbte syllabus 2019 for diploma in mechanical cse eee ececivil all branches. Engineering drawing lettering and lines presentation 1. Thus a straight line is the basic conceptual figure using which any object like a machine component or a structural element is represented.

The concepts emphasized in class and studio will be the primary material covered, but all. Projections of straight lines engineering graphics. To produce an isometric projection, you orient the object so that its principal edges or axes make equal angles with the plane of projection and are therefore foreshortened equally. Axonometric projection projection lines are perpendicular to projection plane.

Projection of straight lines in engineering graphics pdf in engineering drawing practice two principal planes are used to get the. Engineering graphics projections of a straight line projections of a straight line. Access engineering graphics essentials with autocad 2012 instruction 0th edition chapter 4 solutions now. For most engineering drawings two thicknesses of lines are mainly required, a thick and thin. Solution manual for engineering graphics 8th edition by frederick e. After calibrating the intrinsic and external parameters of the two cameras, if the corresponding image points have been identified based on absolute phase map, the threedimensional shape information of the object can be obtained by triangulation. A good freehand line is not expected to be as rigidly straight or exactly uniform. A horizontal or vertical line that can be used to locate entities in an adjacent view. Ihave prepared detailed notes for all solved and unsolved problems of engineering graphics from nd bhat for most of the topics from scales, conic sections to isometric projections. A point t lies on a line p if its horizontal projection lies on the horizontal projection of the. Conics construction of ellipse, parabola and hyperbola by eccentricity method construction of cycloid construction of involutes of square and circle drawing of tangents and normal to the above curves. The midterm will be about 6575% graphics problems and 2535% short answer, multiple choice, truefalse, matching, andor definitions.

An important aspect of the perspective projection is that this concept can preserve straight lines and facilitates to project the end points of threedimensional lines alone, and then draw a twodimensional line between the projected end points. Tell your teaching faculty that these concepts would be understood, only if they teach you the art of imagination. Projection of lines case 2 projection of lines case 3 example. Ce 100 civil engineering drawing sessional lab manual. Apr 29, 2018 orthographic projection principlesprincipal planesfirst angle projectionprojection of points. Draw the projection of a circle of 5 cm diameter, having its plane vertical and inclined at 30 to the vp. Bhatt in this new edition some errors are rectified.

Our solutions are written by chegg experts so you can be assured of the highest quality. By this construction, courses of constant bearing are conveniently represented as straight lines. Orthogonal projection of a straight line if a straight line p is not a ray of projection not perpendicular to either projection plane, then its horizontal and vertical projections are lines p and p. Aug 30, 2017 ge8152 engineering graphics syllabus regulation 2017 unit i plane curves and freehand sketching basic geometrical constructions, curves used in engineering practices. Draw its projections and determine its inclination with the hp. Label the five remaining principle views with the appropriate view name. Introduction y a line is the straight path bet een t o points a line is the straight path between two points th j ti f li i t th f t t d i ht id y the projection of a line into the front, top and right side planes is defined by the projection of its endpoints onto these planes these planes. The lines or rays drawn from the object to the plane are called projectors. A text book on engineering graphics central board of. Ge2111 engineering graphics 2 3 0 5 aim to develop graphic skills in students. It is based on an active stereo photogrammetric setup with two cameras and a projector. It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practicecompetitive programmingcompany interview questions.

In computer graphics, perspective projection is a concept employed to generate images or photographs that look so natural. Textbook of engineering drawing, second edition xfiles. Projection of straight line ebook download pdf scalesengineering graphics loci. The following are the important positions which a straight line can take with respect to two reference planes. Planar geometric projections and viewing transformations. In geometric optics, distortion is a deviation from rectilinear projection. Projections of planes parallel to one of the reference planes 2 5 9. Technical drawing with engineering graphics, fifteenth edition. It is a general principle of engineering drawings that they are projected using standardized, mathematically certain projection methods and rules standardsconventions. In chapter 1 you will learn the importance of engineering graphics and how to create an. Ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, helix and other special curves.

Draw lines perpendicular to line ab from point i in both fv and tv perpendicular line must be a tl line. This kind of map projection has straight coordinate lines with horizontal parallels crossing meridians at right angles. Projection lines do not touch the object and are drawn perpendicular to the element you are dimensioning. A line ab 25mm is parallel to the vp and perpendicular to the hp. There are important notes for exam preparation download and keep your study continue. Just use your imagination or try using some cad softwares for better understanding of the visuals. The measurement system used in this paper is shown in fig. Revolving or moving straight lines in different ways obtains these surfaces and planes.

Computer graphics 9 engineering drawings mechanical, electrical, civil, etc. Cylindrical map projections are one way of portraying the earth. Top views of two end points of a straight line, when joined, give the top view of the straight line. Two projection lines indicate where the dimension starts and finishes. Sexton, professor department of industrial technology ohio university bonus book on cd.

Straight lines in a perspective projection do not appear straight in a fisheye projection. Welcome to the department of mechanical engineering, part of the college of science and engineering, serving the state and nation as a leading center of education, research, and innovation. Pdf ge8152 engineering graphics lecture notes, books. An important aspect of the perspective projection is that this concept can preserve straight lines and facilitates to project the end points of threedimensional lines alone, and then draw a twodimensional line between. Typography the use of character images in publishing replacing the hard type of the past. Introduction to principal planes of projections, projections of the points located in same quadrant and different quadrants, projections of line with its inclination to one. Projection of straight lines in engineering graphics pdf. Conversion of pictorial view into orthographic views 7. The meridians of the robinson projection curves are gently stretching the poles into long lines. Tips for projection of straight linesiiinclined to both planes your suggestions for my engineering graphics made easy book.

A line ab is 75 mm long and it is 300 and 400 inclined to the hp and vp respectively. Front views of the two end points of a straight line, when joined, give the front view of the straight line. It should be straight and pass through the end points. In 1569, mapmaker gerardus mercator first published a map based on his mercator projection, which uses equallyspaced parallel vertical lines of longitude and parallel latitude lines spaced farther apart as they get farther away from the equator. Projections of planes in this topic various plane figures are the objects. So in top view a straight line and in front view the circle. It is the image exactly as the observer sees it on that side.

If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. In thirdangle projection, each view is created as if the object is projecting an image away from itself onto a plane in front of it. Draw the projections of the following points on the same ground line, keeping. Architecture construction plans, exterior sketches replacing the blueprints and hand drawings of the past. Usually, a number of drawings are necessary to completely specify even a. A thick line is used for visible leader edges and outline a thin line is used for hatching, lines, short centre lines, dimensions and projections. The transparent plane on which the projections are drawn is known as plane of projection. Engineering drawing lettering and lines presentation line. The projection is neither equalarea nor conformal because of the compromise to show the whole planet. Download ge8152 engineering graphics lecture notes, books, syllabus parta 2 marks with answers ge8152 engineering graphics important partb 16 marks questions, pdf books, question bank with answers key. The projection of an object can be obtained by a method that does not use straight line. The proposed technique in this paper is firstly projected the line gaps after that projected the vertically then after that each vertical line is projected horizontally one by one. A perpendicular b parallel c inclined d none of the above if a line is inclined to v.